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The Martial Art of Sambo
Are you familiar with the martial art of Sambo? Sambo - also called "Sombo" or "Cambo" - is a native Russian martial art. It is believed to have derived from folk style wrestling, but it also has a lot of foreign influences, such as Judo and Italian fencing techniques that are rooted in the formations. Sambo is a hand-to-hand "grappling" combat system. Its name comes from the Russian acronym CAMBO - meaning "self-defense without a weapon". This martial art was adopted and taught by the Russian military and police establishments to all military officials, secret agents, police, commandos, and border control personnel. Vasili Oshchepkov, one of the founders of Sambo, was an expert in several different martial arts forms. He is credited with creating his own unique martial art by combing the teachings of European styles of wrestling and Italian fencing with parts of several traditional Japanese martial arts styles such as Judo. Vasili's teachings flourished under the Soviet regime and through political positioning it eventually became a part of every military members daily drill routines.
It was also during this time that Sambo began to integrate new techniques and take on several of its distinct forms and styles. In 1938, Sambo was recognized as an official sport by the USSR All-Union Sports Committee. Today, this martial art continues to be considered the most influential physical sport born of Russia. Vladimir Putin, former President of the Russian Federation is a Master of both Sambo and Judo. Although it was originally a single martial arts system, today Sambo has evolved into five generally recognized forms.
1) Sport Sambo - Competition is stylistically similar to wrestling and Judo, but with some differences in rules, protocol, and uniform.
2) Self-defense Sambo - Which is similar to Aikido and Jujitsu. It is based on self-defense applications, such as defending against attacks by both armed and unarmed attackers.
3) Combat Sambo - Utilized and developed for the military, combat sambo includes practice with weapons, disarming techniques, and extensive forms of striking and grappling.
4) Special Sambo - developed for Army Special Forces and Rapid Reaction Police and law enforcement teams. The Sambo versions differ from team to team due to their different tasks and aims.
5) Freestyle Sambo - A uniquely American set of competitive Sambo rules created by the American Sambo Association (ASA) in 2004.
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Contributor's Note
The College of Martial Arts has information, equipment and apparel on over twenty different popular styles of martial arts. If you enjoy martial arts please visit.
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